The primary objective of chemical thermodynamics is to establish a criterion for determining the feasibility or spontaneity of a given physical or chemical transformation, the energy changes that accompany the  transformation, in the form of either heat or work. 

On the basis of the first and second laws of thermodynamics, which are expressed in terms of Gibbs’s functions, several additional theoretical concepts and mathematical functions have been developed that provide a powerful approach.

 Thermodynamic concepts and methods provide a powerful approach to the understanding of such problems.

notions of transfert phenomena